Machu Picchu is a 15th-century Inca citadel located in the Andes Mountains in Peru. Known for its spectacular views and historical significance, it is one of the most popular tourist destinations in the world. This UNESCO World Heritage site was built by the Incas and later abandoned, only to be rediscovered by explorer Hiram Bingham in 1911.
The ancient site is made up of a series of terraces, temples, and plazas, all built using large stone blocks, many of which fit so perfectly that not even a knife blade can slip between them. Machu Picchu is thought to have been a royal retreat for Inca emperors, although its exact purpose remains a mystery.
To reach Machu Picchu, most visitors travel by train from Cusco or Ollantaytambo to Aguas Calientes, a town at the base of the mountain. From there, buses transport travelers up the steep mountain road to the entrance of the site. Alternatively, adventurous hikers can trek the famous Inca Trail, a 4-day hike that leads directly to Machu Picchu. The Inca Trail offers stunning views of the Andes and a chance to explore other Incan ruins along the way.
Visitors to Machu Picchu can explore its many fascinating structures, including:
1. Temple of the Sun - A semi-circular temple dedicated to the Inca sun god Inti. This is one of the most iconic buildings at the site.
2. The Intihuatana Stone - A ritual stone used by the Incas to track astronomical events, such as solstices.
3. Room of the Three Windows - A room that provides stunning views of the surrounding mountains and the valley below.
4. Huayna Picchu - The towering peak that rises behind Machu Picchu. A challenging hike to the summit offers panoramic views of the site.
For those looking to experience more of the area's natural beauty, there are additional hikes near Machu Picchu. The climb to Huayna Picchu is one of the most popular, offering breathtaking views of the ancient citadel below. You can also hike to Machu Picchu Mountain for a higher vantage point of the entire site.
Both hikes require additional tickets, so be sure to plan ahead and secure your spot in advance.
The best time to visit Machu Picchu is during the dry season, which runs from April to October. This period offers clear skies and pleasant temperatures, making it ideal for hiking and sightseeing. However, Machu Picchu can be crowded during peak months, especially July and August, so it is advisable to plan ahead and book your tickets early.
If you want to experience the site with fewer visitors, consider visiting in the shoulder months of April or November, when the weather is still favorable but the crowds are thinner.